Determination of residual stresses

Benefit description

X-ray Diffraction allows determine the value of residual and structural stresses of a material from precise lattice parameter measurements assuming that any deviation from the equilibrium value is due to a elastic linear distortion of the crystal lattice. Residual stresses are internal stresses that remain in a material after the original cause disappears, so they are related to elastic deformations. The main causes which lead to the appearance of residual stress in a material are: a) heterogeneous plastic deformation of a material during processing (machined extrusion, lamination) or associated with the presence of different phases. b) thermal incompatibility between the phases forming the material. c) Phase transitions. d) Tempering materials. e) nitriding or carburizing surface