Alzheimer¿s disease is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. This disorder was first reported by the German physician Alois Alzheimer in 1906 in a 51-year-old patient, named Auguste Deter, who had progressive cognitive and psychosocial impairment accompanied by aphasia, disorientation, hallucinations and delusions. At necropsy, Alois Alzheimer found that Auguste Deter’s brain presented cerebral atrophy, senile plaques, neurofibrillary degeneration and arteriosclerosis of the small cerebral vessels.